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                <text>Financial Records  1960-61</text>
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                <text>Keith Wedmore Papers</text>
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                <text>Treasurer Wedmore produced this financial report as of 31 August 1960 that gave  an accounting of travel pool and reimbursement for members' participation in meetings and the June conference.  This bank statement showed transactions from April-June 1961.</text>
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                  <text>The Upstairs Lounge Fire</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Death Still Lurks&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Any major fire where there are many lives lost, like the New Orleans tragedy, inevitably sets people to thinking about their own safety in places that they frequent.  And not without cause.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Many businesses are in old buildings never meant for the purposes they are now serving. Many have undergone “remodeling” that has obscured or completely covered exits. Many are so carelessly run that stacks of beer cases and other junk permanently obstructs exits.  Some very popular bars are regularly overcrowded far beyond the danger point, the owners being unwilling to give up even a few bucks for the safety of their patrons—who are really the owners’ meal tickets.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The editor of this newspaper and a friend, not very long ago, went one Saturday in Los Angeles to a new, very popular gay dance hall that also has a lounge with entertainment. The place was jammed and they were still letting people in—at a buck a head. We squirmed through the lobby area and forced our way into the dance area. The large dance floor was packed; the area surrounding the floor was packed.  We threaded our way through a mass of people and back to the lobby area. People were still being admitted—at a buck a head. We finally located the nightclub-lounge portion of the premises, squeezed past people filling the stairs down into it, forced our way to the bar, had a beer and bulldozed our way out of the building. They were still letting people in—at a buck a head.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Some people might say, “Sounds like fun!” We thought, even months before the lesson in New Orleans, that if there were a fire or other emergency in that place, hundreds would die. We have not gone back to that establishment since.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The best line of defense are the patrons of each establishment. Look around the next time you go into your favorite gay bistro, especially if it is a popular, crowded one. Are exits clearly marked; are they unobstructed and unlocked; are there enough of them for the size of the place? Are there inflammable decorations hanging everywhere? If you see anything that looks dangerous to you, send the owner a short letter; give him a chance to correct the situation; tell him you will inform the fire department if he doesn’t. And if he persists and doesn’t care about your safety, you don’t care to spend your money there!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Owners and managers of bars, clubs and baths, for their part, should immediately inspect their premises for any dangerous conditions or deficiencies and should correct any that are found without delay. It is just good sense. It is only common decency. It is the very least we can learn from the deaths in New Orleans.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Fire Safety Concerns in Gay Clubs</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;During its reporting on the Upstairs Lounge Fire, the national gay newsmagazine, &lt;em&gt;The Advocate&lt;/em&gt;, publishes an editorial noting potential fire dangers in many gay bars, clubs and bathhouses.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Advocate&lt;/em&gt;, August 1, 1973</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No Mardi Gras Magic&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gay Community Surfaces in Tragedy of N.O. Fire&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;National Leaders Help City’s Awareness &lt;/strong&gt;by Joan Treadway (First of a Series)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is a submerged subculture in New Orleans which the city for some time has tried to suppress, then ignored and now is being forced to acknowledge as its own—for better or for worse—largely as a result of one tragedy.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;That tragedy was a fire in a French Quarter bar two and one half months ago which claimed 32 lives and altered an unknown number of other lives. The bar was publicly identified as a homosexual hangout also frequented by heterosexuals.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;From this point on, people across the country and New Orleanians themselves were confronted with the fact that the city has an active homosexual community which does not magically appear on Mardi Gras, but which exists year-round.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; The community itself gained a greater degree of self-awareness and began to surface amidst the general population. Acting as catalysts in this process were nationally-known gay liberation leaders who arrived in the city soon after the fire.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Morty Manford, a prime mover in the Gay Activists Alliance in New York, commented here, “One person said to me ‘Have you heard all the thuds this week? All the closet doors are falling (referring to the “coming  out” of hidden homosexuals).’”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Many homosexuals who have stopped hiding are members of the New Orleans Gay  People’s Coalition which was formed after the fire. One such person is Chris Gamble, 27, who has been in this city for over two years.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“I think there was a pretty dramatic change after the fire,” he said. “Before, everyone was in a little world of complacency. The attitude was ‘They don’t hassle us too much.’ I don’t feel this is enough.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Homosexuals across the country are having problems existing from day to day, Gamble said.  Their problems include lack of job security, the threat of blackmail and of physical violence simply because they are gay, he said.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These problems exist in New Orleans, he said, “but they are not as bad as other cities. The general French Quarter life lends itself to a more live-and-let-live attitude that is found in other cities of comparable size.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Quarter is the local center for homosexuals, though a lot of gay couples buy subdivision homes, said another Coalition leader, Lucien Baril, also the newly appointed worship coordinator for the Metropolitan Community Church.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Baril took over the church June 25, one day after the fire in which the last minister died.  The Coalition was begun, he said, because shortly after the fire the basic need for solidarity and unity in the gay community became evident.    &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The “powers that be,” he said, seemed to ignore the tragedy, even though so many lives were lost.  The attitude which came across to the homosexual community , he said, was that those who died were “just a bunch of faggots.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Coalition was started as a “consciousness-raising group to help people get over the depression of feeling ‘Well, I’m gay; I’m not worth anything,’ and to help realize themselves as human beings,” he said.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The organization is also in the process of setting up to what amounts to separate social services for local homosexuals, he said. The Coalition’s health committee has already opened a homosexual venereal disease clinic at 1150 N. Rampart St.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Manford observed, “Gay people get venereal disease as much as non-gays, and often, they feel intimidated going in a public clinic. They don’t know the doctor’s attitude or if their records will get back to their families or employers.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Baril said another Coalition committee is in the process of training Coalition volunteers to provide counseling services to any homosexuals who want to talk out their problems. This project will include establishment of a switchboard.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The aim of the counseling won’t be to “convert” people from homosexuality to heterosexuality, Baril stressed. “Conversion from basic homosexuality is conceivable, but it’s not likely to happen, and so we will help people adjust,” he said.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A third subdivision of the Coalition, its media committee, is providing yet another means of communication between homosexuals here—the printed word—in the form of a newspaper called the New Orleans Causeway.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Hopefully, job placement and housing services will also eventually be provided by the Coalition,” Baril said. He judged these problems “serious” in this city. “I know of persons who’ve lost or haven’t gotten jobs because they’re gay,” he said.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Also, he added, “It’s quite difficult for a gay couple to get housing here.” Such problems were recently presented to the city’s Human Relations Committee by the Coalition. The Committee responded by setting up a task force to investigate.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A Coalition spokesman urged the HRC to “get people to see that homosexuals are not just freaks they see on the street but people they work with and respect.” If adopted, this policy would be a far cry from city policy of 15 years ago.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1958, councilmen, civic leaders and police officers conferred at City Hall on the best method of reducing homosexuals in the French Quarter. Participants expressed a need for “a drive against the deviates.”     &lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>The first in a series of newspaper stories notes the emergence of the Gay People’s Coalition and heightened visibility and activism in the New Orleans gay community following the fire.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Times-Picayune&lt;/em&gt;, September 11, 1973&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FIRE!  BY MIKE NEWTON&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;S&lt;/strong&gt;irens roaring past my home in the early hours of the morning woke me up. Usually, I never even noticed them.  This time though, it seemed like they just kept on passing, one after the other&amp;gt; Probably a false alarm as usual, I thought to myself, turned over and fell asleep once again, my head buried in the pillow to try and drown out their screams.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The next morning a friend called me at work and asked if I’d heard about the big fire at Tiffiny’s, it was then I remembered the sirens from the night before, and realized now where the fire engines had been destined.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Early that same evening I walked over to the building where the bar-restaurant had been located and stood the, stunned, as I surveyed the damage.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Seeing the seven-story apartment building with its gutted windows, the walls charred and blackened from the smoke and fired damage, boarded up windows where once hung live plants, reminded me of an article I’d spent many angry hours writing and re-writing back in June last year.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I’d never submitted the story and now I was suddenly sorry that I’d not done so. In much the same complacency as I’d put the sounds of the sirens out of my mind, I had let my anger subside burying it in the pillows of my mind to file and forget&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Tiffany’s was the result of an investment by two gay women in our community, to offer a place for the rest of us to at, morning, afternoon, and evening. In the very popular contemporary style of the day, the&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;restaurant and bar was decorated with much wood, brick,  and a good deal of plant life. Lighting was very soft, making the restaurant comfortable and intimate, through the windows surrounding two sides of the restaurant one could watch the busy stream of traffic passing by on Market Street.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Exactly how the fire began, I don’t know – it may have been accidental or it might have been arson – I don’t really know and I don’t really care, That it happened at all is what bothers me. The bar-restaurant must have been consumed as quickly s the logs were being thrown into fireplaces around the City, the cold past few days,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The apartments upstairs of the restaurant fell victim to the flames as well. All that hour of the morning the panic in those living quarters must have been unbelievable. With smoke filling the halls and flames leaping up through the floors, the people must have fled leaving their dearest possessions to perish in flames, but the panic…the panic!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And then I thought of New Orleans, June, 1973 and remembered a photograph.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;He was just another human being on this planet – but no, actually he was a gay brother, (as were almost all of them), and that made me feel a bond existed between us. We shared some of the oppressive repression common to us all. He was rapped, his body, half in –half out of the window, one arm extended, reaching out to escape the terror of those frightening moments of his earthly existence as the heat, smoke and flames, took him from us.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;With a group of friends, he had come here following services at the local M.C.C. to socialize – here to this Godawful firetrap that had, in some strange way, passed inspection by the local fire department.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I continued staring at the now-boarded-up windows, and I thought about the photograph again, and wondered –&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Will it will happen again – and if it does, how many of my gay brothers and sisters will sacrifice their lives?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;No different from other cities in the United States, San Francisco’s gay meeting places - the bars, baths, and restaurants – vary from the other only by their décor and clientele - elegant to grand funk. Saturday nights, the most sociable night of the week, some of these places are filled wall to wall with bodies, the atmosphere friendly, the hum of the voices drowned out by an often over-loud juke box.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Fire!” someone shouts. The extent, the source of which, the reality, is never questioned, those nearest to   this modern-day Paul Revere shouting his ominous message, quickly look about for the nearest exit, and discover, much to their horror, that there seems to be only one – and it located at the opposite end of the bar, at the other side of the sea of bodies. They begin to push their way past the bodies surrounding the, heading for the doorway.  The other customers something is wrong and they too, panic. Now everyone is headed for the one door out – and there is no displacement. Everyone has replaced courtesy with panic as they climb over a pool table here, a fallen bar stool there, pinning one another to pillars and partitions that had somehow hitherto gone unnoticed.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The smell of smoke begins to fill the atmosphere, and now, for the first time, flames can be seen climbing up the far wall. The wall had been covered with posters, and they too catch flame, igniting the numerous bits of decorative bric-a-brac hanging from the ceiling. Flames race across the ceiling and bits and pieces fall in flames down on the heads of the struggling patrons, all headed for the exit of this now suddenly not-so-fun place.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The bartenders scream, “Don’t panic! Don’t panic!” to no avail, as customers pin themselves at the exit. The set of double-doors, one of which is locked into place, allows only two people out at a time, and no- one thinks to back away so the other door can be unlocked. Nobody has thought to call the fire department or use the extinguisher that hang on the wall, When the fire department finally does arrive, the scene ain’t pretty.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Who’s to blame? We think to ourselves it might’ve happened anywhere. That it is a gay bar makes it no different than any other, but that the victims were our brothers or sisters suddenly brings us a lot closer to the situation.  Like lemmings headed to the sea, we patronize these bars and restaurants, the baths; some of hem out and out firetraps. The owners, absentee landlords sometimes, other conglomerates who have never even seen the property they own, are to blame as much as the  customers who support them. The managers are all too often more concerned with the sound of the cash register than the potential sound of sirens.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;But it isn’t my intention to point fingers – I could probably do that all day. In San Francisco, at least one of the baths, one church, and several bars had fires in 1973. (One of these bars had not one, but three fires one each on a separate occasion!) Fortunately, in none of these instances, was anyone injured.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Whether it’s arson, or accident, we cannot afford tragedies of this sort. The economic loss (even though businesses are insured) and the potential loss of life is a situation we must prevent.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I’ve thought often about many of the places I myself patronize, and how unsafe some of them appear to be. Fire doors, both of which are unlocked and within easy reach by patrons, fire extinguishers or an overhead sprinkler system, unblocked passage through the bar (unhindered by cute dividing partitions), pool tables, wall and ceiling uncovered with flammable materials, decorations or bric-a-brac, well-indicated exits –all things I’ve been looking out for, but see all too seldom.  There is only one bar I know of that has almost all of these safety requirements. For the most part it takes just a little common sense on the part of management to acquire them. In some cases, simply cleaning up the bar would do the job.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Would you believe that in one bath I saw an exit door nailed shut? In a restaurant, enough candles and wood and fabric hanging all over the place to create human oven in just a few seconds. In a bar a lock and a chain preventing egress through a fire exit. It doesn’t require an inspection by the fire department to clean our own houses.  Simply  common sense.  Even more necessary these days though because of the numbers of not-too-well-balanced sick cookies roaming about playing God with matches and gasoline.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And tomorrow, after they’ve read this, the manager and owners of those unsafe bars, bath, and restaurants will hate me for bringing something like this out into the open. Whether they do anything about it remains to be seen.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The day after that, everyone will have forgotten this article.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And me - standing there looking at the boarded up windows of what once was Tiffiny’s and thinking about that photograph in the Advocate – I’m afraid, for all of us.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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&#13;
United Church of Christ&#13;
&#13;
Indianapolis, Indiana&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Truly ONA&#13;
&#13;
It wasn’t until 2004 that FCC Indy became truly ONA, even though the ONA statement had been passed in 1994, ten years ago.  We were in “ONA limbo.”&#13;
&#13;
I’m sure there are other churches like ours – intellectually tolerant of diversity, but resistant to advocacy for gay and lesbian people.  A marker of a technically-but-not-truly ONA church is an ONA church with few openly gay or lesbian members.  Have you heard these confusing, diffusing, and alienating statements?  “Open and affirming means welcoming all people – it’s not just about gay people.  How about racism, poverty, and mental illness?”  Or, “Aren’t we supposed to be welcoming to conservative people, too?”&#13;
&#13;
Controversy about celebrating our 10th anniversary of our ONA statement was the background for a reconciling dialogue.  The Shower of Stoles surrounded our celebration, and each stole was a witness to the visible and invisible gifts of LGBT believers.&#13;
&#13;
We are now a truly ONA church.&#13;
&#13;
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&#13;
United Church of Christ&#13;
&#13;
Boulder, CO&#13;
&#13;
This stole is dedicated to our many members and friends who have been called into ordained service to God, but have been denied that call by their home denominations. With deep gratitude to all our LGBTQ brothers and sisters for sharing their gifts, presence and inspiration among us in the UCC, we pray for the day when the household of God allows all to freely serve in the denomination of their choice. When God calls us to share our talents and gifts, may we be truly free to answer that call in the wholeness of our being God’s children.&#13;
&#13;
This stole is a collage of handprints of members of our congregation with words of support and affirmation – a symbolic laying on of hands with the fervent hope that these hands might help to bring about healing.&#13;
&#13;
Colorado’s first Open and Affirming congregation of the UCC – proudly proclaiming and living God’s inclusive welcome since 1987.&#13;
&#13;
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              <text>Page 1:&#13;
Concern&#13;
Number One&#13;
July 1966&#13;
&#13;
Newsletter of the Southern California Council on Religion and the Homophile&#13;
&#13;
Page 2:&#13;
To open the avenues of communication and understanding between churchmen and homophiles;&#13;
To investigate and implement ways for meeting the spiritual needs and social responsibilities of homophiles;&#13;
To encourage more satisfactory climate of opinion within the community on broad matters of sex and morals;&#13;
To seek just social treatment of the homophile community.&#13;
-- statement of general purposes,&#13;
SCCRH Articles of Incorporation&#13;
&#13;
On June 1, 1965, at the invitation of the Council on Religion and the Homosexual of San Francisco, twenty persons met in the Westchester YMCA for an all-day session. Approximately half were from San Francisco and half from Los Angeles, the number of clergymen and representatives of homophile organizations also being in the same proportion.&#13;
&#13;
During the morning, the Rev. Ted McIlvenna of San Francisco discussed the broad social changes now affecting all levels of American Society, pointing out that in consequence, a "sexual revolution" was forcing the churches to reexamine their traditional attitudes toward all sexual matters, including male and female homosexuality. The churches, he said, were now coming to see that a new ethic was needed to answer the problems of the ever-increasing number of city dwellers, and particularly the large proportion of single men and women who virtually become lost in our large cities. The CRH was set up in the Bay Area to start grappling with the complex questions facing this sector of the population, and it was through an interdemoninational conference held there on the problems of ''Young Adults in Metropolis" that most of the Los Angeles ministers had been introduced to the homosexual question.&#13;
&#13;
After lunch, Donald Lucas of the Mattachine Society, of San Francisco, described the origin of the Council there and its operations. Los Angeles Attorney Herbert Selwyn discussed the California laws applicable to homosexual acts, after which the San Franciscans told the Los Angeles group that they were on their own if they wished to establish a similar Council in Southern California. They did so wish, and an ad hoc committee, composed of the Revs. Alex Smith and Ron Ohlson, as well as Sten Russell of the Daughters of Bilitis and W. Dorr Legg of ONE, Inc., was chosen to arrange for the next meeting.&#13;
&#13;
Over twenty meetings have been held since that date, in members' homes, in ONE's offices, and in the First Methodist Churches of Glendale and Los Angeles, as well as an inspiring weekend Retreat attended by thirty ministers and homophiles at the Presbyterian Camp Grounds at Pacific Palisades. Most of these meetings have been devoted to careful efforts to lay a sound organizational basis, and to acquaing ministers and homophiles with one another's problems and ways of thinking.&#13;
&#13;
Page 3:&#13;
Ministerial representation on the Council has so far been largely limited to United Church of Christ, Methodist, Episcopal and Presbyterian clergymen, not from any intention to so limit participation. For awhile, members of ONE, Inc., carried most of the homophile side, but participation has now expanded to members of eight local organizations and publications.&#13;
&#13;
The first ten months were on a provisional -- "organizing committee" - - basis. In April, 1966, the newly named SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA COUNCIL ON RELIGION AND THE HOMOPHILE was "christened" at Attorney Selwyn' s office when the five original Directors (the Revs. Alex Smith, Kenneth Wahrenbrock and Marjorie Likins, along with W. Dorr Legg of ONE and James Kepner of PURSUIT magazine) signed the Articles of Incorporation. A set of By-Laws was adopted by the Board in May and ratified (with several minor changes proposed) at the first official membership meeting, held at Glendale First Methodist, June 8, 1966, one year and a week after the first Los Angeles gathering.&#13;
&#13;
It had been an exciting year -- a year of exploration, of defining the problem areas, of getting acquainted, and, on both sides, of shedding preconceptions. Homophiles who came to the group thinking of all clergymen as Puritanic thunderers, or as oozing piety, had their eyes opened, just as did ministers who had stereotyped and unflattering notions about homosexuals. It was a year of spiritual growth for all concerned, and a year in which Council representatives began to present the concerns of the Council to other organizations, both homophile and religious.&#13;
&#13;
We can now look forward to moving solidly, responsibly and with true concern toward the purposes stated in our Articles of Incorporation, as quoted at the head of this brief historic sketch.&#13;
&#13;
NEXT MEETING&#13;
The next meeting of the SC-CRH, open to persons interested in the work of the Council, will be held in the Asbury Room of the First Methodist Church, Glendale, 134 N. Kenwood St., at 7 :30 p.m., Wednesday, July 13.&#13;
&#13;
The Rev. Dr. Marjorie Likins will discuss recent developments in the Churches which have made such a Council possible.&#13;
&#13;
ORIENTATION PROGRAM&#13;
Because many new clergymen coming to Council meetings for the first time may have only slight acquaintance with the problems and terminology of homosexuals, and because many homophiles may be equally uninformed about the Churches today, an orientation program has been set up under the leadership of Chuck Taylor, in order to bring newcomers up to date, so that, whatever our individual differences of viewpoint, we may each enter into dialogue with a minimum store of information about our common areas of concern. Rather than trying to impose a "Council viewpoint", the Orientation sessions should acquaint persons coming from either "side" with the terminology, general problems and attitudes of the other side. Thus we hope that those who have been participating for some time can move beyond the repetitious sorts of questions which are necessarily of primary concern to newcomers.&#13;
&#13;
Page 4:&#13;
OTHER COMMITTEES&#13;
MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE: Chairman, Dr. Marjorie Likins. Prospective Members to be routed in this direction.&#13;
COUNSELING COMMITTEE: Chairman, the Rev. Ron Ohlson. Will investigate and implement methods for counseling disturbed homophiles, and of training such counselors.&#13;
PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE: Chairman, James Kepner, currently responsible for this newsletter, this committee plans various publications aimed at explaining the general work of the Council, a major project being a general descriptive booklet.&#13;
PROGRAM COMMITTEE: Chairman, the Rev. Kenneth Barta. To plan programs for the public meetings, and investigate general programmatic directions for the work of the Council.&#13;
FINANCE COMMITTEE: Chairman, W. Dorr Legg. With the job of raising funds to pay for all the rest, this committee is certainly open to suggestions.&#13;
&#13;
Members interested in working with any committee are invited to contact the chairman concerned. And we are open to suggestions as to the need for additional committees.&#13;
&#13;
Several members have asked about books which might be recommended for a general&#13;
understanding of homosexuality. The following list was prepared by The BAKER MEMORIAL&#13;
LIBRARY of ONE, Inc.&#13;
&#13;
Anthropology:&#13;
Ford, C. S., + Beach, F.A., PATTERNS OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, 1951&#13;
&#13;
Biology:&#13;
Kinsey, A. C., SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN THE HUMAN MALE, 1948&#13;
FEMALE, 1953&#13;
&#13;
History:&#13;
Garde, N. I., JONATHAN TO GIDE, 1964&#13;
Lewinsohn, R. A., A HISTORY OF SEXUAL CUSTOMS, 1958&#13;
Licht, H., SEXUAL CUSTOMS IN ANCIENT GREECE, 1931&#13;
Taylor, A. R., SEX IN HISTORY, 1954&#13;
&#13;
Law:&#13;
Drummond, I., THE SEX PARADOX, 1953&#13;
Duke University Law Review, SEX OFFENSES, 1960&#13;
Ploscowe, M., SEX AND THE LAW, 1962&#13;
Rees, T., THEY STAND APART, 1955&#13;
Wildeblood, P., AGAINST THE LAW, 1955&#13;
&#13;
Page 5:&#13;
Literature:&#13;
Foster, J. H., SEX VARIANT WOMEN IN LITERATURE. 1956&#13;
&#13;
Philosophy:&#13;
Benson, R. O. D., IN DEFENSE OF HOMOSEXUALITY, 1965&#13;
Gide, Andre, CORYDON, 1911&#13;
Guyon, R., THE ETHICS OF SEXUAL ACTS, 1930&#13;
Plato, The SYMPOSIUM&#13;
Thielicke, H., THE ETHICS OF SEX, 1965&#13;
&#13;
Psychology:&#13;
Ellis, H., THE PSYCHOLOGY OF SEX, 1924&#13;
Marmor, J., SEXUAL INVERSION, 1965&#13;
Ruitenbeek, H. M., THE PROBLEMS OF HOMOSEXUALITY, 1963&#13;
&#13;
Religion:&#13;
Bailey, D.S., HOMOSEXUALITY AND THE WESTERN CHRISTIAN TRADITION, 1955&#13;
Buckley, M. J., MORALITY AND THE HOMOSEXUAL, 1959&#13;
Cole, W. J., SEX AND LOVE IN THE BIBLE, 1959&#13;
Wood, R.W., CHRIST AND THE HOMOSEXUAL, 1960&#13;
&#13;
Sociology:&#13;
Cory, D. W., THE HOMOSEXUAL IN AMERICA, 1951&#13;
Westwood, G. , A MINORITY, 1960&#13;
&#13;
The above selection represents a carefully balanced sampling of viewpoints, which has deliberately avoided sensationalism and strong partisanship·. No attempt has been made to include periodicals, although a large number of useful discussions are to be found there. A separate bibliography of nearly 100 articles on religion and the homosexual, as published in ONE Magazine and ONE Institute Quarterly is available.&#13;
&#13;
Ed. Note: We might suggest two additions to the above list: the now famous report by a group of English Friends, TOWARD A QUAKER VIEW OF SEX, 1963, and THE CONSENTING ADULT HOMOSEXUAL AND THE LAW: An Empirical Study of Enforcement and Administration in Los Angeles County, UCLA Law Review, March 1966.&#13;
&#13;
HOMOSEXUAL - OR HOMOPHILE ?&#13;
In place of the familiar term, ''Homosexual", (the "homo" part being from the Greek for "the same", not the Latin, "man) the Council has chosen to use in its name, the term, ''Homophile", almost but not entirely synonymous. Because we shall make some use of both terms, we pre-print an explanation from the second issue of PURSUIT:&#13;
&#13;
"To avoid the monotony of too-frequent use of the same term, we shall oscillate between 'homosexual' and the etymologically preferred synonym, 'homophile,' which puts the emphasis on love and friendship, rather than on sex. Sex is only a part of the attraction between persons. To put the sexual component in perspective is not to denigrate it, but to imply that all homophile feelings are merely sexual seems to us to cheapen such relationships.&#13;
&#13;
Page 6:&#13;
"Clearly, not all homophiles are homosexuals, nor all homosexuals homophiles, which is to say that one may have sex without love, or love without sex. Recently, the East Coast Homophile Organizations (a confederacy of Mattachine, Bilitis and other groups on the Atlantic Seaboard) resolved to restrict the term 'homophile' to adjectival usage, defining the collective effort to seek justice and understanding for homosexuals, as in 'homophile magazines' and 'homophile organizations' and the 'Homophile Movement.' Since the well-established and more inclusive usage of the term also allows speaking of homophile persons (as being sometimes distinct from homosexual persons -- a distinction we think worthwhile) we shall not adopt ECHO' s terminological limitation, nor that of the late, excellent Dr. Kinsey that the term 'homosexual' never be used to describe persons, only acts.''&#13;
&#13;
ODYSSEY&#13;
At the June 8 meeting of the SC-CRH, Council co-chairman W. Dorr Legg briefly reported his impressions of some current religious developments in the United States and in Europe as seen during a five-week trip from which he had just returned.&#13;
&#13;
He stated his belief that the Southern California Council and the Council on Religion and the Homosexual of San Francisco were as of that date the only two formally incorporated such organizations existing anywhere, but referred to groups in Washington, D. C. and in Ottawa, Canada, with whose exact status he was not fully acquainted. Attempts were being made, he reported, to launch Council-type activities in New York City and in Chicago, a two-day consultation between clergymen and representatives of homophile organizations having already been scheduled for June 10 and 11 in the latter city.&#13;
&#13;
In Europe, relationships between homophile organizations and the churches vary widely from country to country, he reported. In Switzerland, home of the world's oldest homophile group, virtually no contacts had been made, or attempted, between homophiles and the churches. In Western Germany, a similar situation prevails. Legal sanctions against homosexuals, instituted during Hitler's regime, have been of extreme severity during the past thirty years, making concerted action of any sort extremely hazardous for Germans.&#13;
&#13;
In Denmark, quite a different situation was found. Having as it does a State Church (Lutheran) and a strongly secular society, both of the principal homophile organizations in that country indicated a lack of interest in fostering contacts with religious bodies or leaders. The feeling seemed to be that the Church was an institution of historical interest and to be respected as such, but not one from which social gains might be expected.&#13;
&#13;
In Holland, home of the world's largest homophile organization, things are very different. The country is divided numerically almost equally between Protestants and Roman Catholics. Both of these religious bodies have participated actively in many types of social reform developments, including interest in and concern for the welfare of homosexual men and women. One way in which such interest has been demonstrated is in the maintenance in Amsterdam during the past few years of Protestant and Catholic counseling centers organized especially for homosexuals. These are staffed by clergy and psychiatrists and open during regular hours. Reports of their work have been rather widely published and favorably received.&#13;
&#13;
Page 7:&#13;
Contacts between the homophile organization and religious bodies seems to have been largely informal in France. Predominantly Roman Catholic in its history, French urban society appears to be nearly as secular as that of Denmark. Little interest in or expectation of closer association between homophiles and the Church was noted.&#13;
&#13;
In England, the Church, on the other hand, has shown marked concern on the part of many of its officials for the problems raised by the extreme severity of the legal sanctions against homosexuals prevailing there. Various high Church officials, including the former Archbishop of Canterbury, have come out strongly in favor of reform of the oppressive laws. So long as these continue in force, it has been impossible to have any organized activities for the male homosexual in Britain. Hence, Church of England direct contacts with them have been mainly limited to instances when individual homosexuals have come to individual clergymen or other church authorities within their own parishes.&#13;
&#13;
In summary, it would be quite easy to conclt1de that a concept such as the coming together of religious officials and persons from organized homophile groups may for some time to come be an American phenomenon solely, save for the Dutch exception.&#13;
&#13;
NEWS&#13;
THOUGH it has been frequently reported that England has recently "legalized'' homosexuality, this unfortunately is not yet the case. A government commission, appointed in 1954 under Sir John Wolfenden, then Chancellor or Reading University, brought in a report in 1957 recommending that homosexual acts performed in private by consenting adults should no longer be punished by law. Similar reports by the Church of England and British Catholics insisted that that while such acts might still be considered sinful, they were properly matters of conscience, not of law. England's Quakers went farther, insisting that sex was a proper part of a love relationship, and not merely to be considered as a tool of procreation, therefore any such sexual activity could be judged moral or immoral only on the basis of the intrinsic quality of the relationship between the parties concerned. Thus homosexual relationships per se could be as good or as bad as other relationships.&#13;
&#13;
In the last Parliamentary session, as most American papers reported, both houses did approve the proposed reform bill, presented in Lords by the Earl of Arran and in Commons by Mr Humphrey Berkeley. But although both houses approved the matter twice by heavy majorities, it was not actually passed, for lack of a formally required "third reading" -- so the issue died when Parliament adjourned this Spring for elections. Now the whole process needs repeating, though on the motion again of Lord Arran, a conservative peer and a peppery news columnist, Lords has again passed a new ''second reading" by vote of 70 to 29. Though opponents and proponents of the reform are found in each party, and neither party wishes to claim sponsorship, the return of a heavy labor majority was interpreted by some as weakening the reform's chances. It is widely felt that Commons may not discuss the matter in this session, though the new Home Secretary expressed his personal approval. But it is generally agreed that in time, the reform will come, and 63% of the populace is said to support it. Meanwhile, for those who get caught, punishments remain severe, and even when the reform passes, the new law will retain astonishing areas of severity. In order to have any real chance for reform, proponents have t1nanimously (except for the Quakers) agreed that all homo-&#13;
&#13;
Page 8:&#13;
sexuality is a terrible and tragic condition, which still requires severe legal restraints in all cases not involving private consensual adult acts. In time, they may pay a dear price for this strategic concession to prejudice.&#13;
&#13;
A LANDMARK report published in the March 66 UCLA LAW REVIEW has recommended major reforms in the several California laws penalizing homosexual behavior. In a foreword to the 189-page study, fat with footnotes, charts and appendices, State Supreme Court Justice (and former Calif. Atty. General) Stanley Mosk decried "the punitive and preventive activities of law enforcement" in this area, and expressed hope for "modificatio11 of penal statutes... in the foreseeable future."&#13;
&#13;
The reforms "advocated by the American Law Institute and the Wolfenden Committee cannot be analyzed meaningfully in the absence of data concerning enforcement and judicial practices under existing statutes." Most discussions on moral legislation have ignored the disparity between the law revealed in penal statutes and appellate decisions, and the law expressed in police and trial practice. "This Project attempts to provide some of the missing data. . . by reporting the results of an empirical study, conducted in the county of Los Angeles, of the enforcement and administration of the sections of the California Penal Code regulating adult homosexual behavior."&#13;
&#13;
The Project, result of 14 months of intensive study by a group of top UCLA law students, examined the manner in which unspecific or contradictory laws permit the exercise of individual prejudices in enforcement, with detailed study of methods used by the police to effect arrests, and of the legality of some of those methods. It would require a different sort of study -- examining the assumptions and value judgements underlying such legislation -- to judge the desirability of abolishing such moral legislation. An empirical study of the daily enforcement of morals legislation can determine&#13;
neither the propriety of the use of criminal law to regulate sexual morality, nor the relative validity of competing philosophies as to the law's purpose, nor whether homosexual behavior is intrinsically harmful. It was felt that the study could evaluate the present law's effectiveness at regulating private morality.&#13;
&#13;
After detailed analysis of several hundred felony and misdemeanor cases, from police methods to post-conviction disposition, the Project' s authors dispaired of determining the law's deterrent effect, though many judges feel that the law does deter acts in public. Almost all the authorities consulted rejected the contention that homosexuals are a menace to society in general or to children in particular.&#13;
&#13;
"This Project, taking the position that the deviant nature of sexual conduct, alone, does not warrant the imposition of criminal sanctions, concludes that only public displays of consensual homosexuality should be the legitimate concern of the criminal law" -- and those to be punished as nuisances, not as heinous crimes.&#13;
&#13;
They proposed replacing the several currently applicable Code sections with a single misdemeanor statute on specific sexual acts or solicitations (homosexual or heterosexual) which risk offending public decency, to be penalized generally by fines or probation, without registration. They recommended abandoning police decoys, entrapment and most clandestine police observation in toilets, but continuing the use of abatement and licensing provisions so as to encourage bar owners to prevent offensive acts on their premises.&#13;
&#13;
While some homophiles will wish the Project had been less cautious, or less inclined to accept, apparently, the view that homosexual behavior does require legal harassment this publication ranks as one of the major documents in the movement toward equitable&#13;
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Page 9:&#13;
legal treatment of homophiles.&#13;
&#13;
THE Board for Homeland Ministries of the United Church of Christ, and the Northern California Conference of that denomination have each voted to contribute $1500 to the work of San Francisco's COUNCIL ON RELIGION AND THE HOMOSEXUAL. Our local treasury has not as yet at any time exceeded $25...&#13;
&#13;
IN A group that has to date been remarkable for the steadiness of its membership, we regret the loss of active participation by the Rev. Lynn Jondahl, who has been promoted to important work in another part of the country. Good luck, Lynn.&#13;
&#13;
Two new homophile organizations recently formed in Los Angeles have been welcomed to the Council. Sparked by girls from Manhattan Beach, the Daughters of Bilitis, after long dormancy, now has a Los Angeles chapter again. P.O. Box 727, Manhattan Beach, Cal. 90266. PRIDE, an all-male group, (P. 0. Box 46545, L.A. 90046) has been formed with a social activities, community service and legal defense program resembling somewhat that of the Society for Individual Rights in San Francisco.&#13;
&#13;
AT suggestion of the CRH up north, several homophile organizations sponsored various forms of protest on Armed Services day, May 21, against the exclusion of homosexuals from the armed forces. Though our Council here did not participate, our Chairman did join in a 13-car motorcade which paraded silently along several of Los Angeles' typically deserted streets. As a result of the motorcade, TANGENTS editor Don Slater and Council members Harry Hay and John Burnside made several television and radio appearances which ably got the message across to a larger audience.&#13;
In San Francisco, 300 persons gathered in front of the Federal Building to hear several clergymen (Rev. A. Cecil Williams, Glide Methodist Foundation; Rev. Robt. Cromey, St. Aidan's Episcopal; Rev. Charles Lewis, North Beach Mission) speak in favor of the right of homosexuals freely and openly to serve their country.&#13;
&#13;
TELEVISION access continued to open, as the Rev. Ron Ohlson of the SC-CRH and your editor, James Kepner joined one of the editors of the UCLA Law Report, a psychologist and a homosexual identified only as ''Will", in a brief round on the subject on Louis Lomax generally controversial show on KTTV. This will be continued, it is expected, with a smaller cast but more time, about midnight, July 10, Channel 11.&#13;
&#13;
YMCA Le ad er s, meeting in L.A. late in June, discussed the Y's role in helping a new generation of young adults in the city,. different from any previous generation, many (such as LSD users, and homosexuals) being termed "psychological dropouts," looking for new value systems, instead of either simply rejecting or accepting the old views of God, life and man. In discussions of changing morality, the Y leaders generally agreed that the Y itself is changing, ecumenical now rather than sectarian, and much more oriented to socio-economic thinking - - but trying to get at the real social&#13;
issues of contemporary urban life. Certainly, few organizations are better equipped to directly confront the problems of young homophiles.&#13;
&#13;
The illustration on the cover of this newsletter is reprinted by permission from the June 1954 issue of ONE Magazine, and marked the first issue of a homophile publication devoted to considering the religious needs of homophiles.&#13;
&#13;
CONCERN, # 1, published monthly by the Southern California COUNCIL on RELIGION and the HOMOPHILE. Chairman, the Rev. Alex Smith, 813 S. Hope, Los Angeles 90017 Secretary, the Rev. Kenneth Wahrenbrock, 134 N. Kenwood, Glendale, Calif. Editor, James Kepner, 2141 Baxter St., Los Angeles 90039. Price: 10¢ plus postage if needed.</text>
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